Ipa ti ẹda ti idaabobo

Cholesterol jẹ oti cyclic monoatomic kan, eyiti o rọrun ni irọrun cholesterides ninu awọn ara. O wọ inu ara eniyan gẹgẹ bi apakan ti ounjẹ ati iṣakojọpọ ninu ẹdọ, ifun kekere ati awọ ara.

Ipa ti ẹda ti idaabobo:

1. Ilana. Idaabobo awọ ọfẹ jẹ paati igbekale ti awọn awo sẹẹli.

2. Oogun. Cholesterol jẹ idasile si awọn ohun ti nṣiṣe lọwọ biologically: Vitamin D3, awọn homonu STEROID (ANDROGENS, ESTROGENS, CORTICOIDS) Lakoko akoko ẹṣẹ idaabobo awọ ninu ẹdọ pẹlu ikopa ti CYTOCHROME R-450, awọn acids bile ni a ṣẹda. Ni irisi ọfẹ rẹ, idaabobo awọ ti wa ni gbigbe nipasẹ ara nipa lilo ẹjẹ gbigbe ẹjẹ LIPOPROTEINS. Awọn orisun ti idaabobo awọ:

1. Ounje. Fun ọjọ kan, 0.3 g. idaabobo.

2. Ninu eniyan, ni apapọ, pẹlu apapọ ti 65-70 kg fun ọjọ kan, 3.5 -4.2 g jẹ adapọ. idaabobo. Ẹdọ naa ni aaye pataki ninu iṣelọpọ idaabobo awọ Ninu ọran ti ibajẹ si ẹdọ ati awọn ifun, dida ati gbigbe ẹjẹ LP ti bajẹ. Pẹlu ibajẹ si ẹdọ ati iṣan biliary, dida ati excretion ti bile acids ti o kopa ninu tito nkan lẹsẹsẹ ti awọn ọra ounjẹ jẹ idilọwọ. Ni ọran ti o ṣẹ ti iṣan ti bile, o kun pẹlu idaabobo awọ, eyiti o yori si dida awọn okuta cholesterol. Aarun gallstone ni idagbasoke. A ṣe akiyesi Hypercholesterolemia ninu ẹjẹ.

1. Ibiyi ti acetoacetyl-CoA lati awọn sẹẹli meji ti acetyl-CoA ni lilo aciolaacetyltransferase thiolase.

2. Ṣiṣẹda ti β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA lati acetoacetyl-CoA pẹlu iṣuu kẹrin acetyl-CoA kẹta lilo hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase.

3. Ibiyi ti mevalonate nipa idinku HMG ati imukuro ti HS-KoA ni lilo NADP-depend hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase.

4. mevalonic acid ni phosphorylated lẹẹmeji pẹlu ATP: to 5-phosphomevalonate, ati lẹhinna to 5-pyrophosphomevalonate.

5.5-pyrophosphomevalonate jẹ phosphorylated ni atomu 3 eefin, ṣiṣe - 3-phospho-5-pyrophosphomevalonate.

6. Ni igbẹhin jẹ decarboxylated ati dephosphorylated, isopentenyl pyrophosphate ti dagbasoke.

7. Lẹhin lẹsẹsẹ awọn ifura ti aṣeyọri, squalene ti dagbasoke.

8. Lẹhin awọn ọna ti awọn aati, a ṣẹda lanosterol.

9.Lanosterol wa sinu idaabobo awọ ninu awọn awo ilu ti reticulum endoplasmic reticulum

Awọn homonu ti ẹṣẹ tairodu, awọn glandu adrenal, ati awọn gonads pẹlu hyperfunction mu idaabobo awọ sii pọ, ati pẹlu hypofunction wọn mu fifọ baje rẹ. Ko lo nipasẹ idaabobo awọ ara ti o ni eegun ninu ẹdọ. Awọn ọja ibajẹ ti yipada si awọn acids bile ati ti yọ sinu awọn iṣan inu pẹlu bile.